Development of Nano Technologies

Development of Nano Technologies Introduction Extensive work has been put into the research of nanotechnology capabilities in the past decade and the findings have opened a new range of multi-functional materials in the industry. However, a major issue faced today is incorporating nano-particles into the final composite structure by using current infrastructure. New developments in the field, such as multifunctional materials with enhanced electrical, thermal and mechanical properties are required by several industrial applications. This review is an attempt at showing the most recent and representative performances of nano-enabling technologies reported in literature. The focus of this review is on the two main manufacturing technologies used in aerospace industry: Autoclave (or Pre-preg pre-impregnated composite fibres), and Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM) technologies. It looks at several approaches used in the nano-enabling of composites for the aforementioned paths and presents the latest reported results from literature. Fi nally, this work shows the difference between available integration nano-technology and future developments that are currently in demand for aerospace applications. Since the early 90s, micro- and nano-phase in polymers have been successful ways to improve material performance in various structural (such as strength, stiffness, energy absorption and thermal stability) and non-structural functionalities (such as thermal conductivity, energy storage and structural health monitoring). There are mainly two routes to creating nano-enabled composites nano-augmentation (random and homogenous distribution of nano-particles in the material) and nano-engineering (pre-organized distribution of nano-particles) [5]. These methods are considered the most promising in regards to multi-functionality increased performance and integrating possibilities. [6]Such materials, also called hierarchical composites may gain new properties from nano-scale incorporation as well as benefiting from the advantages of traditional structural (Fig. 2). Since the early 00s, significant economical efforts have been invested in the research of such innovative materials. The aeros pace industry has been a leader in this development, requiring high performance materials with high durability to extreme environment conditions. Fibre reinforced composites are used in applications such as structural panels, satellite platform and solar array substrates. These applications can improve through nanotechnology with development in permeability for cryogenic tanks and durability to diffusion species, space station oxidation resistance, mechanical toughness against structure damage, high modulus for stable and precision structures, interlaminar shear strength for tubular structures, electrical conductivity for electrical dissipation and lightning strike protection, etc.[8]. In this review, nano-enabling of composites methods are presented from the processing and manufacturing point of view. The works perspective is focused on near term application. Firstly, all the steps of each technique are identified, and then the options available for nano-scale phase integration are evaluated. The evolving trends are presented alongside through reported performance of novel composite material systems. Lastly, the expected near and long-term progress is reviewed. Main Body This review focuses on the two most commonly used technologies Autoclave/ Prepreg and RTM. Prepreg technology is currently most used in aerospace industry for manufacturing high performance components while the latter is used as an alternative for large complex shapes. The differences between the two techniques can be observed in the state of the fibre reinforcement (dry or wet) and the curing methods (autoclave i.e. heating in a container, or out-of-autoclave curing). Most of the space structures are assembled from prepreg systems, which are set up on moulds and cured in an autoclave [3]. With RTM, the fibre that forms in dry state is preassembled to form the preform reinforcement and it is used for complex shapes that can be more readily made than other moulding techniques. With these methods covered, it is thought that the majority of composite production technologies for aerospace industry are addressed. Pre-impregnated composite manufacturing route This method is considered the most entrusted for producing high performance aerospace structures. Prepregs are very flexible, being able to cover various material needs given proper selection of the matrix and the fibre. Currently, due to the well-established prepregs, autoclave and automated laminating manufacturing industries, it is crucial to find methods that allow the incorporation of nanotechnology in prepregs without changing already developed steps in composite manufacturing. The conventional process for Autoclave Cured Prepreg Composite Manufacturing is mapped in Fig. 3. The process starts with the preparation of the available materials which are then manually or automatically laid-up with the required layers cut to the shape and size from the roll, based on the composite component requirements. Vacuum, combined with high temperature and pressure is used to assist a controlled resin flow in the elimination of entrapped air until the final cure of the part. Afterwards, when t he temperature and pressure are brought to ambient levels, the part is demolded and tempering and finishing is applied. In some cases (for example high performance polymers), a post-curing cycle may be required. Resin transfer molding composite manufacturing route RTM can be used to describe various techniques in aerospace industry [10, 11], such as Vacuum Assisted RTM (VARTM) and Resin Film Infusion (RFI). Generally, RTM is a process that belongs to out-of-autoclave manufacturing, where liquid resin is injected in a dry fibrous enclosed preform until the final curing of the part. RTM is a cost effective process when the component production numbers are high (

The Splendid Little War :: essays papers

The Splendid Little War February 15th, 1898, all is quiet in Havana Harbor. The crew of the USS Maine is sound asleep less a few solitary watchmen. The brackish sea air and the calm ocean breeze are soothing and peaceful. This would hardly suggest the terror about to erupt on this â€Å"peaceful† visit to the Spanish-controlled Cuban harbor. At 9:45PM, a violent explosion rips the Maine apart sending it plummeting down to the muddy sea floor and killing nearly all of her crew. All of the Spanish boats in the harbor rushed to the aid of the American vessel and its survivors: the commander, Captain Charles D. Sigsbee, and a few lucky crewmembers. Even though Captain Sigsbee, a favorite of the Naval Department, urged President McKinley not to react in an aggressive manner toward Spain, the media, namely New York newspaper editors Pulitzer and Hearst, already inflating current issues relating to the Cuban revolution, spin the incident out of control. The American public goes mad with suspicion of Spanish fowl play and the sinking of the USS Maine serves as the immediate catalyst to the Spanish-American war. This â€Å"Splendid Little War† is deeply rooted in Spain’s rule over Cuba as a colony infringing upon American interests in Cuban agriculture and goods. The first episodes of war-like acts between the U.S. and Spain began with the explosion of the USS Maine in 1898. After the catastrophe, many attempts to solve the mystery behind the explosion and withhold peace took place, including the ambassadors of England, Germany, France, Italy, Austria, Russia, and the Pope appealing to president McKinley for peace. Despite numerous efforts against it, McKinley asks congress for war April 11, 1898 and U.S. troops mobilized on April 16. The Teller amendment passes through Congress stating that the U.S. would not annex Cuba. Congress declares Cuba independent on April 19. Shortly after the United States Navy blockades Cuba the first Spanish ship was taken. By April 25, both Spain and the U.S. declare war. The Spanish-American War was an extremely quick war, highlighted in history by Theodore Roosevelt and his Rough Riders in the battle of San Juan Hill. Spain was completely stomped. On the way to capture the Philippine Islands, Spain’s most worthwhile colony U.S. Naval forces also capture Guam. Closer to home, the U.

Good morning Doctor Bert – Creative Writing

Good morning Doctor Bert, how are you? Very good and yes I'm fine thank you. Now then students, this is doctor Bert one of the leading surgeons at saint heart hospital. Today we will be operating on a young male named dusanmandick from Austria. He took an overdose of cocaine and we have to take the remainder out of his stomach before it is absorbed in to the blood stream. Would any one like to volunteer to start making the first incision? No David you can't, you're a porter, for god sake all you do is push beds around all day. Right as no one is putting there hands up I suppose you can do it Carla. Right then put the knife in then, yes very good keep going, right now stop. Suction, no Carla don't suck on the stomach I mean get the machine to suck the blood out of the way. Now we have cleaned that up I want you to start cutting in to the stomach. Marvellous there we go can you see the white powder, success now Carla grab the swabs and start to dab the powder we should be able to save this guys life now. Wait there, his blood pressure is dropping, get a crash team immediately down here, Carla stand back, charging up to 230, stand clear. Still no response, charging to 270, stand clear. Still nothing. Ok Carla start CPR. Stop! There's a beat, right let's get back to this operation. Doctor Bert, doctor Bert wake up, thank you now help Carla out and start stitching back up the stomach. No we can not make your initials the scar. Harry your suppose to be observing not reading the kerrang magazine. I've had enough, Doctor Bert can you please take over. Where did you say he was Harry? He's gone to order a pizza, has this whole world gone insane? To start of with Carla started sucking on the lad's stomach she asked if we could turn the scar in to her initials, and now doctor Bert the person who should be helping me out has gone to order a flipping pizza. GOD ALMIGHTY HELP ME PLEASE? Say that again, your ring fell of your finger and is still in the lad's stomach why didn't you say now we need to open him back up and pull the ring out you stupid girl it would have been so much easier if you said. 56+ Right then Carla he's all yours open him up yes keep going right now get the ring out quickly before we have to start resuscitating him again. Carla get of your phone. Thank you now carry on, there it is grab it now for the final time Carla would you like to do the job of stitching up. Great, don't just look at me get on and do it. Well done team after that sketchy operation we have finally got him back stable with the cocaine out of his stomach, I'm pretty sure no white powder will be entering his nose for a while. Welcome back dusanmandick, no I do not sell cocaine this is a respected hospital not a night club if we find out you have been taking any more crack cocaine there will be no more operations or treatment on the NHS for you. You will have to go private and pay for it yourself.

Don t Wait For Your Ceo For Bring Up Diversity Recruitment

Don t Wait For Your CEO To Bring Up Diversity Recruitment America’s top companies are hiring the best, most qualified candidates, by widening their recruitment efforts and increasingly seeking diverse talent. Diverse workplaces include employees who from different races, ethnicities, gender, education, religions, sexual orientations, socioeconomic backgrounds, geographic locations, and other varying conditions. One reason diversity recruitment is skyrocketing is because of the changing demographics of the United States. According to the latest census, the ethnic makeup of America is changing much more rapidly than anticipated. Many studies have revealed that businesses who have established diversity and inclusion initiatives have a competitive edge, particularly in today’s global market. Following are six reasons that businesses should not wait for their CEO to bring up diversity recruitment. More Creativity A diverse workforce promotes creativity and innovation. When employees of varying qualifications, upbringings, education, and experiences are brought together, they are more capable of coming up with creative ideas that are â€Å"out of the box,† and solve problems in novel ways. According to Roy Y.J. Chua, a Harvard Business School professor, â€Å"The more your network includes individuals from different cultural backgrounds, the more you will be creatively stimulated by different ideas and perspectives. Increased Productivity Increased productivity is the majorShow MoreRelatedMaking Differences Matter8932 Words   |  36 PagesMANAGING DIVERSITY BYLINE: by David A. Thomas and Robin J. Ely; David A. Thomas is an associate professor at the Harvard Business School in Boston, Massachusetts. Robin J. Ely is an associate professor at Columbia University s School of International and Public Affairs in New York City. Their research and teaching focus on the influence of race, gender, and ethnicity on career dynamics and organizational effectiveness. ABSTRACT: MAKING DIFFERENCES MATTER: A NEW PARADIGM FOR MANAGING DIVERSITY DAVIDRead MoreDiscussion Week 110376 Words   |  42 Pagesdepartment to process payroll and other transactional paperwork. For example, through the use of technology, the HR department can now help a corporation avoid litigation of unfair hiring practices by being able to quickly gather information about the diversity of the workforce at an organization. Also, through the use of technology, the HR department can help an organization prepare for the future workforce needs by evaluating the types of employees currently employed and the skill sets of these employeesRead MorePortfolio for Organizational Behavior17518 Words   |  71 Pages 8.13 Movie- Office Space†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..35 8.14 Summary And Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.35 8. Management Theory†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..37 9.15 Article-Steve Jobs(Chairman Apple) and Tim Cook’s (CEO Apple) management style and CIOs †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦.37 9.16 Summary And Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...42 9. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..44 10. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..47 Read MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 PagesHuman Resource Management (MGT501) VU MGT - 501 T his subject/course is designed to teach the basic principles of Human Resource Management (HRM) to diverse audience/students, including those who are studying this as a supporting subject for their bachelor degree program. This course is designed to provide you the foundations of HRM whether you intend to work in HRM or not, most of these elements will affect you at some point in your career. Either you will be working with some organizationsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesphotocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designationsRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 PagesTOP-TEAM POLITICS†¦page 90 WHEN YOUR CORE BUSINESS IS DYING†¦page 66 Y GE SE PA IN DS CK R M WA A 53 www.hbr.org April 2007 58 What Your Leader Expects of You Larry Bossidy 66 Finding Your Next Core Business Chris Zook 78 Promise-Based Management: The Essence of Execution Donald N. Sull and Charles Spinosa 90 The Leadership Team: Complementary Strengths or Conï ¬â€šicting Agendas? Stephen A. Miles and Michael D. Watkins 100 Avoiding Integrity Land Mines BenRead MoreImpooving Employee Performance72019 Words   |  289 Pagesthe ï ¬ rst article I ever wrote about performance management. As I thumbed through it, I noticed that the masthead listed ASTD’s regional vice presidents. There was Don Kirkpatrick’s name. At that time, thirty-ï ¬ ve years ago, Don was already one of the most signiï ¬ cant ï ¬ gures in the ï ¬ eld of training and development. Today, nothing’s changed. Don Kirkpatrick remains one of the most inï ¬â€šuential and thought-provoking thinkers and writers in the ï ¬ eld of performance management and the development of human talentRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 Pagesapproach. In the aftermath of General Electric’s workforce reductions of 25 percent, there was recognition by its chief executive officer (CEO) Jack Welch that the company would have to attract quality employees with desirable achievement opportunit ies instead of job security policies.19 Welch, who was widely regarded as one of the most visionary and effective CEOs, was strongly criticized for his actions as indicated in the following passage: Welch says that when he took over, the need for change wasRead MoreCommon Knowledge : How Companies Thrive by Sharing What They Know56617 Words   |  227 PagesUngerleider, Ruddy Ruggles, Ralph Poole, Dale Neef, and Mare Rasmussen at Ernst Young; Cheryl Lamb and Melissie Rumizen at Buckman Labs; Candice Phelan at Lockheed Martin; Raleigh Amos, Fred Dkystra, Tim Horst, and Doug Omichinski at Bechtel; James T. Stensvaag and Ed Guthrie of the U.S. Army; and Stephen Denning and Seth Kahan at The World Bank. Page x I have had long-term relationships with colleagues at Conoco and I am grateful for their support and the conversations that helped developRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pageselimination of levels were offered promotions, transfers to other jobs in GE Fanuc, or early retirement buyouts. Additionally, employees were promised profit sharing, which has resulted in up to three weeks additional pay in profit sharing bonuses in some years. The test of the change is in the results. GE Fanuc’s revenue is up women employees, who composed about three-fourths of the bank’s workers. As a result, several years later about one-fourth of all managers and executives are women. Similar attention